sốc

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The Vietnamese word "sốc" has several meanings and can be used in different contexts. Here’s a simple breakdown for new learners:

Basic Meaning:

1. Shock (y học): In medical contexts, "sốc" refers to a condition where the body is not getting enough blood flow, which can be life-threatening. This is similar to the English medical term "shock."

Usage Instructions:

• Use "sốc" when discussing medical conditions, especially in emergencies.
• It can also be used in everyday conversation to describe a strong emotional reaction to something surprising or distressing.

Examples:

• Medical Context: "Bệnh nhân bị sốc khi tim ngừng đập." (The patient went into shock when the heart stopped.)
• Emotional Context: "Tôi rất sốc khi nghe tin này." (I was very shocked when I heard this news.)

Advanced Usage:

• In a more advanced context, "sốc" can describe various types of shocks, including "sốc tâm lý" (psychological shock) or "sốc điện" (electric shock).
• It can also be used metaphorically to describe a sudden change in circumstances or feelings.

Word Variants:

• Sốc tâm lý: Psychological shock (an emotional response).
• Sốc điện: Electric shock (when someone receives an electric current).
• Sốc phản vệ: Anaphylactic shock (a severe allergic reaction).

Different Meanings:

• Besides its medical meaning, "sốc" can refer to any sudden and intense emotional reaction. It can describe feelings of surprise, disbelief, or distress in everyday situations.

Synonyms:

• Ngỡ ngàng: Astonished, surprised.
• Bàng hoàng: Stunned, shocked (more emotional connotation).
• Kinh ngạc: Astounded, amazed.

Academic

1. (y học) Shock