chắn

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The Vietnamese word "chắn" has several meanings and uses, both as a noun and a verb. Here’s a comprehensive explanation to help you understand it better:

Meanings and Usage

1. As a Noun:

   • Barrier: "Chắn" can refer to a barrier or something that blocks a path. For example, "nhấc chắn cho xe xuống phà" means "to lift the barrier for a car to board a ferry-boat."
   • Card Game: It also refers to a specific game of cards called "chắn," where each hand consists of pairs.

2. As a Verb:

   • To Block or Obstruct: "Chắn" is commonly used to describe the action of blocking or preventing something. For example, "chắn dòng nước" means "to hold back a stream."
   • To Stop: It can be used to indicate stopping something from moving forward, such as "chắn bóng" which means "to stop a ball."
   • To Partition: It can also mean to divide or partition something, for example, "chắn buồng làm hai phòng nhỏ" means "to partition a room into two small rooms."

Example Sentences

• Noun: "Khi đi qua cổng, tôi phải nhấc chắn lên." (When passing through the gate, I have to lift the barrier.)
• Verb: "Chúng ta cần chắn dòng nước để không bị ngập." (We need to block the stream to prevent flooding.)

Advanced Usage

• "Chắn gió" means "to grow trees to stop winds," demonstrating a practical application of "chắn" in environmental contexts.
• "Núi chắn ngang tầm mắt" translates to "the mountain blocked our view," showing how "chắn" can describe obstructive physical features in the landscape.

Word Variants

• The word "chắn" can be used in various contexts, sometimes paired with other words to create compound meanings, such as "chắn đường" (to block the road) or "chắn lối" (to obstruct the way).

Different Meanings

• While "chắn" primarily focuses on blocking or obstructing, it can also imply protection (like a barrier protecting against wind or water).

Synonyms

• Some synonyms for "chắn" include "rào" (fence), "cản" (to hinder or obstruct), and "ngăn" (to prevent or stop).

Academic

noun

1. chắn cạ Game of cards with each hand consisting of pairs
2. Barrier
   • nhấc chắn cho xe xuống phà
     to lift the barrier for a car to board a ferry-boat

verb

1. To block, to bar, to obstruct, to stop, to hold back
   • chắn dòng nước
     to hold back a stream
   • trồng cây chắn gió
     to grow trees to stop winds
   • núi chắn ngang tầm mắt
     the mountain blocked our view
   • chắn bóng
     to stop a ball
2. To partition
   • chắn buồng làm hai phòng nhỏ