cản

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The Vietnamese word "cản" is a versatile verb that primarily means "to prevent," "to stop," or "to block." It can be used in various contexts, both literally and figuratively.

Basic Usage

1. Preventing or Stopping: "Cản" often refers to stopping someone or something from moving forward or progressing.

   • Example: "cản bước tiến" means "to prevent someone's advance." This can refer to blocking someone's progress in a discussion, competition, or any situation where advancement is expected.

2. Blocking: It can also mean to block a path or way.

   • Example: "cản đường" means "to block the way." This could be used when someone is physically obstructing a route or metaphorically hindering progress.

3. Covering: In a military context, "cản" can refer to providing cover for others.

   • Example: "hắn cản địch cho đồng đội rút lui" translates to "he lays a barrage for fellow combatants to withdraw," indicating that someone is providing support or defensive action while others retreat.

Advanced Usage

• Resistance Force: "Cản" can also refer to resistance or the force that opposes movement.

  • Example: "sức cản" translates to "resistance force," often used in physics or discussions about obstacles.

• Noun Form: The noun form of "cản" refers to a "barrage" or "dam."

  • Example: "đắp cản trên sông" means "to build a dam on the river," indicating a structure that prevents the flow of water.

Variants and Related Terms

• Cản trở: This is a related term that means "to obstruct" or "to hinder." It emphasizes the act of causing difficulty or hindrance.
• Cản lại: This phrase means "to stop again" or "to resist," often used when someone tries to push through an obstacle.

Different Meanings

While "cản" primarily focuses on stopping or blocking, it can take on different nuances based on the context: - In Nature: "cản" can describe natural barriers, such as trees that "stop the wind" (rừng cây cản gió). - In Relationships: It can also refer to emotional or social barriers that prevent connection or understanding.

Synonyms

Some synonyms for "cản" include: - Chặn: To block or stop. - Ngăn: To prevent or inhibit.

Academic

verb

1. To prevent, to stop, to bar
   • rừng cây cản gió
     the forest of trees stops the wind
   • cản bước tiến
     to prevent someone's advance
   • cản đường
     to block the way
   • hắn cản địch cho đồng đội rút lui
     to lay a barrage for fellow combatants to withdraw; to cover fellow combatants' retreat with a barrage
   • sức cản
     resistance force

noun

1. Barrage, dam
   • đắp cản trên sông
     to build a dam on the river