cãi

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The Vietnamese word "cãi" is a verb that primarily means "to argue" or "to dispute." It is used when someone is trying to defend their opinion or behavior, especially after being corrected or shown that they were wrong. Here’s a breakdown of its usage and meanings:

Basic Meaning:

1. To Argue: This is the most common use of "cãi." It refers to a situation where two or more people express different opinions or disagreements, often in a heated manner.

   • Example: "Họ cãi nhau suốt buổi sáng mà chưa ngã ngũ." (They argued inconclusively the whole morning.)

2. To Defend: "Cãi" can also mean to defend someone or something, especially in a legal context.

   • Example: "Luật sư cố cãi cho trắng án." (The lawyer did his best to defend his client and clear him of all charges.)

Advanced Usage:

• Cãi chày cãi cối: This phrase means to argue in circles or to stubbornly stick to one's point without reaching a conclusion. It implies a lack of rationality in the argument.
  • Example: "Họ cãi chày cãi cối mà không ai chịu nhường." (They argued in circles, and no one was willing to back down.)

Word Variants:

• Cãi nhau: This phrase specifically means "to argue with each other."
• Cãi vã: This is another way to say "to quarrel" or "to argue." It often has a more intense connotation compared to just "cãi."

Different Meanings:

While "cãi" primarily means to argue or defend, it can also imply being obstinate or refusing to accept the truth even when presented with evidence.

Synonyms:

• Tranh luận: This means "to debate" or "to discuss," often in a formal context.
• Phản biện: This means "to refute" or "to counter-argue," indicating a more structured form of argumentation.

Usage Instructions:

When using "cãi," it is important to be aware of the context. It can carry a negative connotation, especially if it involves stubbornness or refusal to accept correction. It is often used in informal settings or when discussing disagreements in personal relationships, legal matters, or academic debates.

Academic

verb

1. To argue
   • đã làm sai, người ta chỉ bảo cho còn cãi
     after being shown what was wrong with his behaviour, he still argued
   • cãi nhau suốt buổi sáng mà chưa ngã ngũ
     they argued inconclusively the whole morning
2. To defend, to act as advocate for
   • luật sư cố cãi cho trắng án
     the lawyer did his best to defend his client and clear him of all charges
   • cãi chày cãi cối
     to reason in a circle, to persist in advancing chicaneries