tàn

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The Vietnamese word "tàn" has several meanings and uses, which can be categorized as a noun, verb, and adjective. Here’s a detailed explanation:

Meanings and Usage:

1. Noun: Ash

   • "Tàn" can refer to the ashes that remain after something has burned.
   • Example: "Tàn thuốc lá" means "cigarette ash."

2. Verb: To crumble, to draw to an end, to decay

   • As a verb, "tàn" describes the process of something breaking down, ending, or deteriorating.
   • Example: "Cây cối tàn đi" means "The trees are crumbling/dying."

3. Adjective: Dying, waning

   • When used as an adjective, "tàn" can describe something that is in decline or coming to an end.
   • Example: "Ánh sáng tàn" means "the light is waning."

Advanced Usage:

• In literature or poetry, "tàn" can be used metaphorically to describe the end of an era, the fading of youth, or the decline of beauty.
• Example: "Những ngày tàn của mùa hè" translates to "the waning days of summer."

Word Variants:

• "Tàn tạ": This phrase means to be in a state of decay or ruin.
• "Tàn lụi": This indicates a process of withering or fading away.

Different Meanings:

• In a more abstract sense, "tàn" can also imply emotional or spiritual decline, such as losing hope or motivation.
• Example: "Hy vọng tàn lụi" means "hope has faded away."

Synonyms:

• For noun (ash): "tro" (which also means ash).
• For verb (to crumble, decay): "héo" (to wither), "tàn rụi" (to be completely burnt down).
• For adjective (dying, waning): "héo úa" (withered), "suy tàn" (declining).

Summary:

Understanding "tàn" is essential for describing processes of decay, endings, or the remnants of something that once was.

Academic

noun

1. ash. processional parasol

verb

1. to crumble, to draw to an end, to decay

adj

1. dying, waning