The Vietnamese word "đứa" is a versatile term primarily used to refer to a person, often in a context that indicates a lower position or a derogatory sense. It is commonly placed in front of nouns to specify the type of person being referred to.
Basic Usage:
Before Nouns: "đứa" is typically used before nouns to describe people, especially children or individuals in a less respectful way.
Used Alone: It can also be used on its own to refer to a person in a derogatory manner.
Advanced Usage:
"Đứa" can convey a sense of familiarity or even endearment when used among close friends or in a non-serious tone, especially when referring to children.
In certain contexts, it might also imply a lack of maturity or responsibility when used to describe adults.
Word Variants:
Đứa trẻ: refers specifically to a "child" or "young person."
Đứa bạn: means "friend," often used informally among peers.
Different Meanings:
While "đứa" generally carries a negative connotation when used derogatorily, it can be neutral or even affectionate in informal settings, especially when referring to children.
Synonyms:
Thằng: can also mean "boy" or "guy," but is typically used for males and can be equally derogatory.
Cô or Chị: are used more respectfully to refer to women or girls, highlighting the difference in tone compared to "đứa."
Example Sentences:
Cháu có một đứa em. - "I have a younger sibling."
Đứa kẻ cắp này đã bị bắt. - "This pickpocket has been caught."
Đứa nào cũng thích chơi ngoài trời. - "All the kids love playing outside."
Conclusion:
Understanding the context in which "đứa" is used is crucial. It can be used to refer to children or to signal a less respectful attitude towards someone.