luận

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The Vietnamese word "luận" has several meanings and uses, making it a versatile term in the language. Below, I will explain its meanings, usage instructions, examples, variants, and synonyms.

Basic Meaning:

1. Essay: "luận" can refer to an essay or a written composition. For example, "làm bài luận" means "to compose an essay."
2. Reason Out/Infer: It can also mean to reason out, conclude, or infer something. For example, "anh thử luận xem việc này ra sao" translates to "try to reason out the outcome of this matter."
3. Interpret: "luận" can mean to interpret or explain something, like in "luận nghĩa một câu văn," which means "to infer the meaning of a sentence."
4. Judgment: In legal contexts, "luận" can refer to concluding whether someone is guilty or not guilty, such as in "luận tội."

Usage Instructions:

• Use "luận" when discussing written works, reasoning processes, interpretations, or legal judgments.
• It is often followed by other words to specify what kind of reasoning or essay is being discussed.

Examples:

• Essay: "Tôi cần làm bài luận về chủ đề môi trường." (I need to write an essay on the topic of the environment.)
• Reason Out: "Chúng ta nên luận xem cách giải quyết nào là tốt nhất." (We should reason out which solution is the best.)
• Interpret: "Học sinh cần luận nghĩa câu thơ trong bài học." (Students need to interpret the meaning of the poem in the lesson.)
• Judgment: "Tòa án sẽ luận tội bị cáo vào tuần tới." (The court will make a judgment on the defendant next week.)

Advanced Usage:

In academic contexts, "luận" is often used in more complex phrases, such as: - "luận văn" (thesis or dissertation) – a significant written work for academic degrees. - "luận cứ" (argument) – refers to the reasoning or argumentation in an essay or debate.

Word Variants:

• Luận văn: Thesis or dissertation.
• Luận chứng: Argument or justification.
• Luận bàn: Discussion or dialogue.

Different Meanings:

• In addition to its primary meanings, "luận" can also imply analysis or discussion, particularly in philosophical or academic contexts.

Academic

1. Essay
   • làm bài luận
     To compose an essay. reason out, conclude, infer
   • anh thử luận xem việt này ra sao
     Just try to reason out the outcome of this matter
   • luận nghĩa một câu văn
     To infer the meaing of a sentence
   • luận tội
     To conclude (from evidence) whetther someone is guilty or not guilty