đệ

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The Vietnamese word "đệ" has a few meanings and uses, which can be understood in different contexts. Here’s a breakdown to help you learn:

Basic Meaning

1. Self-reference: "Đệ" is an informal way to refer to oneself, often used among peers. It is similar to saying "I" or "me" in a friendly or familiar context. This usage is more common in older or more traditional settings.

   • Example: In a conversation with friends, someone might say: "Đệ nghĩ rằng hôm nay trời đẹp." (I think the weather is nice today.)

2. Rank or Order: "Đệ" can also mean "order" or "rank," especially in educational or hierarchical contexts. For example, "lớp đệ tam" means "the third form" in school.

   • Example: "Tôi học lớp đệ nhất" means "I am in the first year."

3. To Submit: In a more formal context, "đệ" can mean "to submit" or "to lay down." It is often used when referring to submitting a petition or request.

   • Example: "Tôi sẽ đệ kiến nghị lên chính phủ xét." means "I will submit a petition to the government for consideration."

Advanced Usage

• In formal writing or discussions, you might encounter "đệ" used to express respect or to show a particular level of hierarchy, especially in historical or literary texts.

Word Variants

• Đệ tử: This means "disciple" or "apprentice." It is often used to refer to someone who is a student or follower of a teacher or master.
• Đệ nhất, Đệ nhị, Đệ tam: These terms refer to "first," "second," and "third," respectively, often used in naming educational levels or ranks.

Different Meanings

• While "đệ" can mainly refer to self-reference, rank, and submission, it is essential to pay attention to the context in which it is used to understand its precise meaning.

Synonyms

• For the informal self-reference, you might find synonyms like "ta" (I) or "mình" (we/I in a familiar sense).
• In the context of rank, synonyms may include "hạng" (class or rank).
• For submission, you might use "trình" (to present) in different contexts.

Summary

The word "đệ" can mean "I" in informal speech, refer to order or rank in educational settings, and also signify the act of submitting something. Understanding the context is crucial to using "đệ" appropriately in conversations or writing.

Academic

1. (cũ) I, me (Từ dùng tự xưng một cách thân mật khi nói với
   • người ngang hàng)
2. (cũ) Order, rank
   • Lớp đệ tam
     The third form
3. Submit, lay
   • Đệ kiến nghị lên chính phủ xét
     To submit a petition to the Government for consideration